First: Intergraph Corporation (Intergraph) U.S.: - based in the city (Huntsville) state of Alabama

All thanks and appreciation to those ahead of us and follow us these subjects sustained you in completing the elements of the first episode and God's blessing Nbdosadsa: GIS software (GIS Softwara): - At the beginning of our theme this must clarify a very important point as long created confusion among many interested researchers GIS which is the difference between GIS software mclain (GIS) and programs making mclain maps (Automated Cartography) because it is not every program that mapping mclain the so-called software (GIS), but there are characteristics and features and functions must be characterized by the program in order to be classified as a program GIS so you should know what programs are making maps and geographic information systems programs in order to distinguish and differentiate between them
1 - programs making maps: - are programs that help in mapping without linking the information to place any that phenomenon geographical drawn is tied to place geographical there, which is a program designed to replace mclain traditional methods of modern methods in mapping are available from those programs are many types of them (Surfer , Map Viewer, CAD Auto, CorelDraw, etc.)
2 - GIS programs: - is the software that enables us to connect databases descriptive spatial information in a specific place, where we can conduct integrated analysis of the nature of the relationship between the variables in different places within the building topological
((Topology of the phenomenon geography, which means a description of the sites features and characteristics of engineering and border mclain communication among themselves and are available from those programs, many types of which (Arc GIS, Ardas, mclain Idrisi, GeoMedia, Map Info, etc.) A brief summary of GIS Arab: -
Considered the Arab countries, like other countries in the world that seek to keep pace with technological development and follow-up technical GIS But such attitudes did not appear only in the past few years, where he was the first Arab interest in this area is limited to a specific group of Arab countries represented in the (Tunisia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Jordan, Oman, United Arab Emirates), according to the chronological order to reflect the introduction mclain of geographic information systems and local application has Qatar is leading the application mclain of geographic information systems in the Arab region, has begun the implementation plan at the end of 1989. linking ministries and departments of the state information network distinct depending on the program (Arc Info) In a short period are numbered base maps of the state with different scales has won Qatar Award Foundation (URISA) World in 1992 as the best achievement of Arabic applied to geographic information systems in the government apparatus, and at the level of the Kingdom Saudi Arabia was King Saud University, leading among universities in the Kingdom in the introduction of GIS technology represented in the Faculty of Arts, Department of Geography, through the establishment of a specialized laboratory in geographic information systems mclain in 1997 and the inclusion of a plan teaching advanced with a number of courses devoted to mapping mechanism and GIS conditions must be provided mclain in the GIS programs: -
6 - provide the possibility of the existence of links between information and their geographical location criteria for selection of GIS programs: - multiple GIS programs and companies that produce them and are racing each of those companies to provide specifications and standards are different and sophisticated in order to market their products from those programs and for the right choice for those programs must know that the most important criteria is classified mclain as follows: -
Third, the criteria relating to the functions of analytical Mottagorat: - constitute Almottagorat element geographic mclain surveyors Ham interested GIS methods to deal with Almottagorat parcels and relationships Bazepehrt other geographic Kalnqat and lines, as well as space and then make measurements and analyzes them and the most important analytical functions for Mottagorat are: -
3 - to determine velocities phenomena dynamically it is known that there are phenomena such as geographic change dynamically move sand dunes, oil slick over the body of water, the spread of drought, epidemics, etc., which can be monitored based on aerial photographs and satellite mclain visualizations
IV criteria concerning the composition and diversity of the presentation of data and results: - characterized GIS multi-functions data display and output the results that have a significant mclain impact on the evaluation process and to benefit from those results as well as the ability of systems to control these outputs in terms of shape, size and technical specifications as required by the objective of the study
Vector) 2 - programs operate in a manner
5 - systems for data output and representation of institutions and leading companies in the industry GIS software: - varied and different mclain GIS programs the diversity mclain of the companies that produce them, where each has specific programs with functions and different properties and the following mclain companies ranked by percentage of sales globally: -
First: Intergraph Corporation (Intergraph) U.S.: - based in the city (Huntsville) state of Alabama (Alabama), one of the largest manufacturers of GIS software where seizes (20%) of the total sales of GIS software in the world
(ESRI) in town (Redlands), California, and is the second global institution in the manufacture of GIS programs where occupies a percentage of (14%) and excellence mclain (ESRI) for (Intergraph) that has Authorized agents in most countries mclain of the world, mclain including company Moammar Information Systems in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia